What Is Placenta Previa? Types and Risks
Placenta previa is a pregnancy complication where the placenta partially or fully covers the cervix, potentially leading to complications like preterm birth.
Types of placenta previa:
- Complete previa: The placenta fully covers the cervix.
- Partial previa: The placenta partially covers the cervix.
- Marginal previa: The placenta is near the cervix but does not cover it.
Common placenta previa symptoms:
- Painless vaginal bleeding, especially in the third trimester
- Light spotting during pregnancy
- Baby in an abnormal position (breech or transverse)
Women with an anterior placenta (placenta attached to the front of the uterus) may have a higher risk of developing placenta previa.
Managing Symptoms in the Third Trimester
Placenta previa can become more concerning in the third trimester as the cervix begins to prepare for labor.
Key management tips:
- Avoid strenuous activity and heavy lifting.
- Follow your doctor’s recommendations for pelvic rest (no intercourse or vaginal exams).
- Monitor any placenta previa symptoms, such as increased bleeding.
- Attend regular ultrasounds to check placental position.
If painless bleeding increases, hospitalization may be required to prevent complications like preterm birth.
Delivery Plans for Placenta Previa Cases
For women with placenta previa, a safe delivery plan is crucial.
Delivery options:
- C-section birth: Recommended for complete or partial previa cases.
- Vaginal delivery: Possible for marginal previa if bleeding is minimal and the placenta moves upward.
Doctors monitor placental position throughout pregnancy, as some cases resolve naturally as the uterus expands.
Can placenta previa cause preterm labor?
Yes, severe bleeding may trigger early contractions, increasing the risk of preterm birth. Close monitoring ensures the safest possible outcome for both mother and baby.
